What to know about Brazil's election as Lula and Flávio Bolsonaro face off
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The two candidates leading in the polls are Luíz Inácio Lula da Silva and Flávio Bolsonaro Brazilians just finished voting in a general election in which the two front-runners for the presidency bear very familiar names.
民意调查中领先的两名候选人是路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦和弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗 巴西人刚刚完成大选投票，两位总统候选人的名字非常熟悉。
Polls closed at 17:00 Brasília Time (20:00 GMT) on Sunday, with the nation's vast electronic voter system expected to deliver a result within a few hours.
投票于周日巴西利亚时间 17:00（格林尼治标准时间 20:00）结束，全国庞大的电子投票系统预计将在几个小时内给出结果。
The incumbent, veteran left-wing leader Luíz Inácio Lula da Silva, is challenged by 11 candidates, the most prominent of whom is right-winger Flávio Bolsonaro.
现任、资深左翼领导人路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦面临 11 名候选人的挑战，其中最著名的是右翼分子弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗。
In the last election four years ago, Lula narrowly defeated Flávio Bolsonaro's father Jair, but the tumultuous aftermath of the election, which saw Jair Bolsonaro convicted of plotting a coup after thousands of his supporters stormed the Brazilian Congress, has had a lasting impact on the nation's political life and this election.
在四年前的上一次选举中，卢拉以微弱优势击败了弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗的父亲雅伊尔，但选举后的混乱后果对国家的政治生活和这次选举产生了持久影响，雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗在数千名支持者冲击巴西国会后被判策划政变罪名成立。
At the launch of his campaign, Flávio Bolsonaro screened a video in which an AI-generated image of his father endorsed his candidacy Jair Bolsonaro, the right-wing former army captain who governed Brazil from 2019 to 2023, has not run for president in this election.
在竞选活动启动时，弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗播放了一段视频，其中人工智能生成的他父亲的图像支持了他的候选资格 曾在 2019 年至 2023 年期间统治巴西的右翼前陆军上尉雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗 (Jair Bolsonaro) 没有在这次选举中竞选总统。
Not only is the 71-year-old barred from standing for office, he is also serving a 27-year sentence for plotting a coup after he lost the 2022 election to Lula.
这位 71 岁的老人不仅被禁止竞选公职，而且在 2022 年选举中输给卢拉后，还因策划政变而被判 27 年徒刑。
Due to recurrent health problems, he is currently under house arrest rather than in a cell, but he has had restrictions imposed on him prohibiting him from posting on social media or making public statements.
由于反复出现的健康问题，他目前被软禁而不是关在牢房里，但他受到了限制，禁止他在社交媒体上发帖或发表公开声明。
Despite these restrictions, his shadow - and sometimes his moving and talking image - looms large over this election.
尽管有这些限制，他的影子——有时甚至是他动人、会说话的形象——在这次选举中依然占据着重要地位。
At the event where Flávio Bolsonaro officially launched his presidential campaign, an AI-generated avatar of Jair Bolsonaro endorsed his son's candidacy.
在弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗正式启动总统竞选活动上，人工智能生成的贾尔·博尔索纳罗的化身支持了他儿子的候选资格。
When pressed by the Supreme Court about the deepfake, Jair Bolsonaro's lawyers may have denied he had given his permission for its use, but there is nevertheless little doubt that Flávio Bolsonaro has the backing of his father.
当最高法院就深度造假问题向雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗施压时，贾尔·博尔索纳罗的律师可能否认他已同意使用该深度造假产品，但毫无疑问弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗得到了他父亲的支持。
While 12 candidates are running for the presidency, there are only two who have reached double figures in the opinion polls, and they are Luíz Inácio Lula da Silva and Flávio Bolsonaro.
虽然有 12 名候选人竞选总统，但只有两人在民意调查中达到两位数，他们是路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦和弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗。
BBC Brasil's poll tracker shows them both hovering around the 40% mark, with Lula slightly ahead of Bolsonaro.
BBC 巴西的民调追踪显示，他们的支持率都徘徊在 40% 左右，其中卢拉略领先于博尔索纳罗。
The other 11 candidates are polling at 4% or less.
其他 11 名候选人的得票率为 4% 或更低。
If none of the candidates gains 50% of valid votes in the first round on 4 October, the top two contenders will proceed to a run-off election on 25 October.
如果没有候选人在 10 月 4 日的第一轮选举中获得 50% 的有效选票，那么排名前两位的竞争者将在 10 月 25 日进行第二轮选举。
The opinion polls suggest a run-off is highly likely - but with a relatively high number of voters still undecided just days before the election, an outright win cannot be entirely ruled out.
民意调查显示，决选的可能性很大，但由于在选举前几天仍有大量选民尚未做出决定，因此不能完全排除彻底获胜的可能性。
BBC Brasil's poll aggregator suggests that at the end of September, 9% of voters were either still undecided, or planning to spoil their ballot, cast a blank ballot or not go to the polls at all.
BBC 巴西的民意调查聚合器显示，截至 9 月底，9% 的选民要么尚未做出决定，要么计划破坏选票、投空白选票或根本不去投票。
Brazilians who are 16 years of age or older are entitled to vote and it is compulsory for those aged between 18 and 70 who are literate, with a fine imposed on those who do not cast a ballot.
年满 16 岁或以上的巴西人有权投票，18 岁至 70 岁之间识字的人必须投票，不投票者将被处以罚款。
Almost 160 million Brazilians are eligible to vote in this election and, with polls typically surveying just thousands of people, the end result can differ considerably from the indications given by surveys.
近 1.6 亿巴西人有资格在这次选举中投票，而民意调查通常只调查数千人，最终结果可能与调查给出的结果有很大差异。
In his speech to the United Nations General Assembly, Lula stressed his country's sovereignty Lula, the 80-year-old candidate for the left-wing Workers' Party, has been president three times already.
卢拉在联合国大会演讲中强调国家主权 80岁的卢拉是左翼工人党候选人，已经三度担任总统。
He served two consecutive terms - from January 2003 to December 2010 - and was widely praised for lifting millions out of poverty during this time with the help of a cash-transfer programme called Bolsa Família.
他从 2003 年 1 月到 2010 年 12 月连续任职两届，并因在此期间通过名为 Bolsa Família 的现金转移计划帮助数百万人摆脱贫困而受到广泛赞誉。
The former metalworker left office with record approval ratings of over 80%, but his party was later rocked by huge corruption scandals.
这位前金属工人在卸任时获得了创纪录的超过 80% 的支持率，但他的政党后来因巨大的腐败丑闻而受到震动。
Lula himself spent more than 18 months in prison between 2018 and 2019 after being convicted of corruption and money laundering, charges he has always denied.
卢拉本人在 2018 年至 2019 年间因腐败和洗钱罪被判入狱超过 18 个月，但他一直否认这些指控。
Those convictions were annulled in 2021, leaving Lula free to run for the presidency in the 2022 election, in which he beat Jair Bolsonaro by 1.8 percentage points.
这些定罪于 2021 年被撤销，卢拉得以自由竞选 2022 年总统大选，并以 1.8 个百分点的优势击败贾尔·博尔索纳罗。
When he started his third term in office, he vowed it would be his last, and yet his party endorsed him as their candidate again this year, even though he will turn 81 later this month.
当他开始第三个任期时，他发誓这将是他的最后一个任期，但他的政党今年再次支持他作为候选人，尽管他将于本月晚些时候满 81 岁。
There is no doubt he remains a towering figure in the left.
毫无疑问，他仍然是左翼的杰出人物。
But while his supporters described him ahead of the 2022 election as the "saviour of the Amazon", praising his commitment to protecting the rainforest, some environmentalists have been critical of some of his recent actions.
不过，尽管他的支持者在 2022 年大选前将他描述为“亚马逊的救世主”，赞扬他对保护雨林的承诺，但一些环保人士对他最近的一些行为提出了批评。
His support for exploratory oil drilling in offshore waters near the mouth of the Amazon in particular has drawn criticism.
他对亚马逊河口附近近海水域勘探石油钻探的支持尤其引起了批评。
Lula insists that he remains committed to eventually phasing out fossil fuels and argues that oil revenues are key to financing Brazil's transition to clean energy. His government has also pointed to the reduction in deforestation in the Amazon - satellite data suggests the area deforested in the first half of 2026 was reduced to its lowest in the past decade - as proof that its policies were working.
卢拉坚称，他仍然致力于最终逐步淘汰化石燃料，并认为石油收入是为巴西向清洁能源转型提供资金的关键。 他的政府还指出，亚马逊地区森林砍伐的减少——卫星数据显示，2026 年上半年砍伐森林的面积已降至过去十年来的最低水平——以此证明其政策正在发挥作用。
During Lula's latest term in office, relations with his US counterpart Donald Trump have been rocky.
在卢拉最近的任期内，与美国总统唐纳德·特朗普的关系一直不稳定。
Referring to what Trump has dubbed the "Donroe doctrine" - his administration's national security strategy which asserts that US dominance in the Western hemisphere should not be interfered with - Lula has insisted that "Brazil does not fit into anyone's backyard".
在谈到特朗普所谓的“唐罗主义”时——他的政府的国家安全战略主张美国在西半球的主导地位不应受到干扰——卢拉坚称“巴西不适合任何人的后院”。
In another thinly veiled reference to both his rival Flávio Bolsonaro and those in the Trump administration who would like to see the right-wing candidate win, the Brazilian leader has also warned that he would not tolerate "foreign and local enemies of democracy" interfering with the polls.
这位巴西领导人在另一次毫不掩饰地提到他的竞争对手弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗和特朗普政府中希望看到右翼候选人获胜的人时还警告说，他不会容忍“外国和当地的民主敌人”干扰民意调查。
Flávio Bolsonaro has been courting his father's supporters Flávio Bolsonaro, 45, is Jair Bolsonaro's eldest son and has been serving as a senator since 2019.
弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗一直在讨好他父亲的支持者 45 岁的弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗 (Flávio Bolsonaro) 是雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗 (Jair Bolsonaro) 的长子，自 2019 年以来一直担任参议员。
The younger Bolsonaro is running for the right-wing Liberal Party (PL) and, while he is widely seen as less confrontational than his father, he is appealing to the followers of the older Bolsonaro by promising to broadly continue in his footsteps.
年轻的博尔索纳罗正在竞选右翼自由党（PL），虽然人们普遍认为他不像他的父亲那样具有对抗性，但他通过承诺继续继承自己的脚步，吸引了老博尔索纳罗的追随者。
During his time in the Senate, the trained lawyer has advocated a tough-on-crime stance, calling for longer sentences and laxer gun laws, arguing that "decent citizens" should be able to defend themselves from criminals.
在参议院任职期间，这位训练有素的律师主张采取严厉打击犯罪的立场，呼吁延长刑期和更宽松的枪支法，并认为“正派公民”应该能够保护自己免受犯罪分子的侵害。
He has successfully lobbied for the US to declare Brazil-based criminal gangs Comando Vermelho (CV) and Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) as Foreign Terrorist Organizations, a move that was opposed by Lula.
他成功游说美国将巴西犯罪团伙 Comando Vermelho (CV) 和 Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) 列为外国恐怖组织，但遭到卢拉的反对。
The younger Bolsonaro has also courted evangelicals and the agricultural industry as part of his campaign.
作为竞选活动的一部分，年轻的博尔索纳罗还向福音派和农业界示好。
He has said that he will cut what he says are unnecessary regulations and "get the state off farmers' backs".
他曾表示，他将削减他所说的不必要的法规，并“让国家摆脱农民的困扰”。
Quizzed in an interview with Globo in August on whether he still believed - as he had said in 2019 - that climate change did not exist, he acknowledged that there had been "extreme climate events", but insisted that these events were "cyclical".
在 8 月接受环球报采访时，当被问及他是否仍然相信（正如他在 2019 年所说）气候变化不存在时，他承认确实存在“极端气候事件”，但坚称这些事件是“周期性的”。
Flávio Bolsonaro has actively courted Trump and members of his administration by portraying himself as a loyal ally during a meeting at the White House in May.
弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗在五月的白宫会议上将自己描绘成忠实的盟友，积极讨好特朗普及其政府成员。
More recently, he promised to join the US-led anti-crime alliance that the Trump administration has dubbed "Shield of the Americas", should he be elected.
最近，他承诺如果当选，将加入美国领导的反犯罪联盟，该联盟被特朗普政府称为“美洲之盾”。
Up until a few months ago, Brazilians told pollsters that crime and security were their main concerns.
直到几个月前，巴西人还告诉民意调查人员，犯罪和安全是他们最关心的问题。
But in the weeks leading up to the election, a scandal involving a jailed banker accused of orchestrating one of Brazil's largest financial fraud cases has pushed corruption to the top of the list.
但在选举前几周，一名被监禁的银行家被控策划巴西最大的金融欺诈案件之一的丑闻将腐败推上了首要位置。
The banker, Daniel Vorcaro, is well connected and has ties to many powerful people in Brazil - both on the political right and left.
这位银行家丹尼尔·沃卡罗（Daniel Vorcaro）人脉广泛，与巴西政治右翼和左翼的许多有权势人士都有联系。
Flávio Bolsonaro acknowledged asking Vorcaro to bankroll a biopic about his father after voice recordings emerged in which he could be heard asking for 134 million reais ($25.9m; £19.5m).
弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗承认，在录音中可以听到沃卡罗索要 1.34 亿雷亚尔（2590 万美元；1950 万英镑）后，弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗承认要求沃卡罗资助一部关于他父亲的传记片。
Police have since then opened an investigation into Flávio Bolsonaro for suspected corruption and money laundering over the financing of the film.
此后，警方对弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗展开调查，指控其涉嫌在电影融资过程中腐败和洗钱。
But pollsters say Lula's campaign was also hurt by the Vorcaro scandal, after alleged links emerged between the disgraced banker and an ally of Lula, the Supreme Court Justice Alexandre de Moraes.
但民意调查机构表示，卢拉的竞选活动也因沃卡罗丑闻而受到损害，据称这名名誉扫地的银行家与卢拉的盟友、最高法院法官亚历山大·德·莫赖斯之间存在联系。
Moraes is the man who presided over Jair Bolsonaro's trial and has made a number of subsequent rulings about the conditions of his detention.
莫赖斯主持了雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗的审判，并随后就他的拘留条件做出了多项裁决。
A police report suggested that Vorcaro had made numerous calls and sent a number of messages to a phone number which officers say is linked to Moraes.
警方报告显示，沃卡罗曾多次拨打电话并向一个电话号码发送多条消息，警方称该电话号码与莫赖斯有关。
The investigators say Vorcaro asked the person with whom he was communicating for help avoiding arrest.
调查人员称，沃卡罗向与他通讯的人寻求帮助以避免被捕。
Moraes has denied any wrongdoing but these latest revelations mean that, in the crucial weeks before the election, attention shifted away from the allegations against Flávio Bolsonaro to those against the Supreme Court justice.
莫赖斯否认有任何不当行为，但这些最新披露意味着，在选举前的关键几周内，人们的注意力从针对弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗的指控转向了针对最高法院法官的指控。
Lula has tried to distance himself from Moraes, saying that "no one is above the law", but his rival has already pounced on the allegations against the judge to make political hay.
卢拉试图与莫赖斯保持距离，称“没有人凌驾于法律之上”，但他的对手已经利用针对法官的指控来进行政治炒作。
"Voting for Lula means voting for Moraes," Flávio Bolsonaro told his supporters at a rally, using the right's intense dislike of the judge to shore up his own support.
弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗在一次集会上对他的支持者说：“投票给卢拉就意味着投票给莫赖斯。”他利用右翼对法官的强烈厌恶来支撑自己的支持。
Brazil's president confirms two US government officials were denied visas over election interference fears Trump says White House talks with Brazil's President Lula 'went very well' Trump accuses Brazil of 'witch hunt' against Bolsonaro
巴西总统证实两名美国政府官员因担心选举干扰而被拒绝签证 特朗普称白宫与巴西总统卢拉的会谈“进展顺利” 特朗普指责巴西对博尔索纳罗进行“政治迫害”
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