Vaccine breakthrough stops cancer returning in trial
0 / 19
English
中文
A new personalised vaccine given in combination with a drug has stopped skin cancer returning in patients during a trial, representing a potentially watershed moment in cancer treatment.
一种与药物联合使用的新型个性化疫苗在试验期间阻止了患者皮肤癌的复发，这可能是癌症治疗的一个分水岭。
The vaccine, developed by drug companies Merck and Moderna, was given to patients with high-risk melanoma, a type of skin cancer, after they had surgery.
这种疫苗由默克制药公司和 Moderna 制药公司开发，在高危黑色素瘤（一种皮肤癌）患者接受手术后注射。
Early results show this new jab extended the length of time these patients were cancer free, but it's unclear for how long, according to an announcement by the two firms.
根据两家公司的公告，早期结果显示，这种新疫苗延长了这些患者的无癌时间，但尚不清楚能持续多长时间。
Cancer experts say this is a breakthrough, but emphasise caution as the full results have not been released or peer-reviewed whereby independent experts examine and check the trial findings.
癌症专家表示，这是一个突破，但强调要谨慎，因为完整的结果尚未发布，也没有经过独立专家审查和检查试验结果的同行评审。
And even after the trials process has finished, the treatment would still need to be approved by regulators and then go through another approval process before it was made available on the NHS.
即使试验过程结束后，这种治疗方法仍然需要得到监管机构的批准，然后再经过另一个批准程序，然后才能在 NHS 上使用。
The vaccine, called Intismeran, was given in combination with Keytruda, an immunotherapy drug already used in cancer treatment.
这种名为 Intismeran 的疫苗与 Keytruda 联合使用，Keytruda 是一种已用于癌症治疗的免疫治疗药物。
Compared with taking the Keytruda on its own, the companies said taking the drug and vaccine together significantly increased the time patients remained cancer free and reduced the risk of the disease spreading to other organs.
两家公司表示，与单独服用 Keytruda 相比，同时服用该药物和疫苗可以显着延长患者保持无癌症的时间，并降低疾病传播到其他器官的风险。
The phase three trial involved more than 1,000 patients who had high-risk stage two, three or four melanoma - meaning they ranged from having large tumours in a specific area to cancers which had already spread to other parts of the body.
第三阶段试验涉及 1,000 多名患有高风险第二、第三或第四阶段黑色素瘤的患者，这意味着他们的范围从特定区域的大肿瘤到已经扩散到身体其他部位的癌症。
Merck and Moderna are calling this a personalised vaccine, meaning it works by targeting an individual patient's tumour.
默克和 Moderna 将其称为个性化疫苗，这意味着它的作用是针对个体患者的肿瘤。
In order to create this new jab, scientists used mRNA technology - which was used for some Covid-19 vaccines - to target specific mutations within the cancer cells by surgically removing a small part of a patient's tumour and then sequencing its DNA.
为了创造这种新的疫苗，科学家们使用了一些 Covid-19 疫苗所使用的 mRNA 技术，通过手术切除患者肿瘤的一小部分，然后对其 DNA 进行测序，以靶向癌细胞内的特定突变。
The result is a personalised anti-cancer jab which is specific to the patient's tumour and instructs the immune system to recognise and attack any tumour cells that remain.
结果是针对患者肿瘤的个性化抗癌疫苗，并指示免疫系统识别和攻击任何残留的肿瘤细胞。
The two companies are testing other similar personalised vaccines for lung, bladder and kidney cancers.
两家公司正在测试其他类似的针对肺癌、膀胱癌和肾癌的个性化疫苗。
Stephane Bancel, chief executive of Moderna, said the findings represent a "pivotal moment" in the field of cancer research.
Moderna 首席执行官 Stephane Bancel 表示，这些发现代表了癌症研究领域的“关键时刻”。
Shares in both Moderna and Merck have surged since the announcement, external.
自外部消息公布以来，Moderna 和默克公司的股价均大幅上涨。
Cancer experts have also hailed the news as positive, but are keen to stress the findings are still early.
癌症专家也称赞这一消息是积极的，但他们热衷于强调研究结果还处于早期阶段。
Dr Talisia Quallo, head of prevention and early detection at Cancer Research UK, said the research "shows promise" but said that the interim data still needs to be fully reviewed.
英国癌症研究中心预防和早期检测负责人 Talisia Quallo 博士表示，这项研究“显示出希望”，但表示中期数据仍需要全面审查。
"It's vital that research like this continues to be funded so that more people with cancer can have personalised treatment options to help them live longer, better lives", she added.
她补充说：“继续资助此类研究至关重要，以便更多的癌症患者能够获得个性化的治疗选择，帮助他们活得更长、更好。”
Dr Lennard Lee, a consultant medical oncologist, and associate professor at the University of Oxford, said: "This is certainly good news for patients with melanoma, but the study has much wider implications. It provides proof of principle that personalised cancer vaccines work."
牛津大学肿瘤内科顾问兼副教授 Lennard Lee 博士表示：“这对于黑色素瘤患者来说无疑是个好消息，但这项研究具有更广泛的影响。 它提供了个性化癌症疫苗有效的原理证明。”
仅供学习使用，如有侵权请联系删除 · 查看原文