Trump signs order to remove endangered species protection for grey wolves
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There were 319 Mexican wolves in the wild in the US in 2025, up from just four in 1998 Donald Trump has signed an executive order to remove endangered species protection for the grey wolf and a subspecies, the Mexican wolf.
2025 年，美国野外有 319 只墨西哥狼，而 1998 年只有 4 只 唐纳德·特朗普签署了一项行政命令，取消对灰狼及其亚种墨西哥狼的濒危物种保护。
The US president's decision could pave the way for pastoral farmers to kill the canines to protect their livestock.
美国总统的决定可能为牧民杀死犬科动物以保护牲畜铺平道路。
His order said ranchers played a "vital role" in the food supply chain and American cultural heritage. But conservation groups have criticised the move, saying it could derail long-term efforts to recover the endangered wolf populations.
他的命令称，牧场主在食品供应链和美国文化遗产中发挥着“至关重要的作用”。 但保护组织批评了这一举措，称这可能会破坏恢复濒危狼种群的长期努力。
There were 319 Mexican wolves in the wild in the US in 2025, up from just four when they were reintroduced in 1998, US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) figures show.
美国鱼类和野生动物管理局 (FWS) 的数据显示，到 2025 年，美国野外有 319 只墨西哥狼，而 1998 年重新引入墨西哥时仅有 4 只。
Meanwhile, there are roughly 18,000 grey wolves across the US, though they are still considered endangered as most of their habitat has been destroyed by humans.
与此同时，美国各地约有 18,000 只灰狼，但由于它们的大部分栖息地已被人类破坏，它们仍被视为濒临灭绝。
An attempt to de-list them at a federal level in 2022 became tied up in litigation, and some campaigners have indicated they intend to do the same of the US Department of Interior acts on Trump's order.
2022 年在联邦层面将它们除名的尝试陷入了诉讼之中，一些活动人士表示，他们打算按照特朗普的命令对美国内政部采取同样的行动。
The executive order does not give ranchers immediate license to shoot wolves preying on livestock, but instead gives Interior Secretary Doug Burgum 90 days to determine whether the grey and Mexican wolf populations had recovered enough to warrant being taken off the endangered species list.
该行政命令并未给予牧场主立即射杀捕食牲畜的狼的许可，而是给予内政部长道格·布尔古姆 90 天的时间来确定灰狼和墨西哥狼的数量是否已恢复到足以将其从濒危物种名单中删除的程度。
Noting that US livestock herds were at a 75-year low while demand for beef had risen by 10% in the past decade, the order added: "More can and should be done to support this critical industry."
该命令指出，美国牲畜存栏量处于 75 年来的最低水平，而牛肉需求在过去十年中增长了 10%，并补充道：“可以而且应该采取更多措施来支持这一关键行业。”
However, environmental groups pointed to studies that suggested wolf attacks on livestock were rare and had little impact on ranchers' income.
然而，环保组织指出，研究表明狼袭击牲畜的情况很少见，对牧场主的收入影响不大。
"This is a huge distraction to placate a handful of ranchers and make them believe that wolves are a greater threat than President Trump's own policies," said Greta Anderson, deputy director of Western Watersheds Project, which works to conserve wildlife in western US states.
致力于保护美国西部各州野生动物的西部流域项目副主任格蕾塔·安德森表示：“这对安抚少数牧场主来说是一个巨大的干扰，让他们相信狼的威胁比特朗普总统自己的政策更大。”
The Wolf Conservation Center noted that ranchers were entitled to up to 100% compensation for any livestock losses caused by wolves under the current system, with individual states providing funding for programmes to deter attacks.
狼保护中心指出，在现行制度下，牧场主有权对狼造成的任何牲畜损失获得高达 100% 的赔偿，各州还为阻止狼袭击的计划提供资金。
"The Mexican grey wolf is not recovered simply because the population has grown," said Claire Musser, executive director of the Grand Canyon Wolf Recovery Project.
大峡谷狼恢复项目执行董事克莱尔·穆塞尔表示：“墨西哥灰狼的恢复并不仅仅是因为数量增加。”
"Weakening federal protections now would put decades of recovery work at risk." The executive order comes as the Trump administration is seeking to lower record-high beef prices for consumers, driven by drought and an outbreak of parasites in US beef stocks.
“现在削弱联邦保护将使数十年的恢复工作面临风险。” 这项行政命令发布之际，由于干旱和美国牛肉库存中寄生虫的爆发，特朗普政府正在寻求降低创纪录的高牛肉价格，以供消费者使用。
Ranchers have been frustrated by Trump's decision to loosen restrictions on beef imports to address price rises, putting pressure on their already tight margins.
特朗普决定放宽牛肉进口限制以应对价格上涨，这让牧场主感到沮丧，这给他们本已紧张的利润带来了压力。
The US government launched a campaign to systematically exterminate wolves towards the end of the 19th Century.
19世纪末，美国政府发起了系统性消灭狼的运动。
This, along with farmers and landowners trapping and killing wolves, pushed them to the brink of eradication. Ranchers still view them as a nuisance, which tackling lethally constitutes a federal crime.
再加上农民和地主诱捕和杀死狼，将狼推向了消灭的边缘。 牧场主仍然认为它们是一种滋扰，致命的处理构成了联邦犯罪。
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