Trump hails 'historic' deal for US to control 65bn barrels of Venezuela's oil
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The US has struck a deal with Venezuela to control more than 65 billion barrels of its proven oil reserves, Donald Trump announced.
唐纳德·特朗普宣布，美国已与委内瑞拉达成协议，控制其已探明石油储量超过 650 亿桶。
The US president wrote that the agreement would more than double American oil reserves and "substantially lower Gas Prices for all Americans".
美国总统写道，该协议将使美国石油储备增加一倍以上，并“大幅降低所有美国人的天然气价格”。
Venezuela's interim President Delcy Rodríguez hailed the deal as one that would help her nation's economic revival.
委内瑞拉临时总统德尔西·罗德里格斯称赞这项协议将有助于该国的经济复兴。
But some analysts have reacted with scepticism, including questioning whether the deal would address long-running obstacles that have deterred investment in Venezuela's oil industry.
但一些分析师对此表示怀疑，包括质疑该协议是否能解决阻碍委内瑞拉石油工业投资的长期障碍。
Trump has recently been under domestic pressure to tame petrol prices, which have spiked due to the Iran war.
特朗普最近面临着控制汽油价格的国内压力，汽油价格因伊朗战争而飙升。
He vowed to tap into Venezuela's reserves, the world's largest, after the US captured its then-President Nicolás Maduro in January, ostensibly to stand trial on drug charges in New York.
在美国一月份抓获委内瑞拉时任总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗后，他发誓要动用世界上最大的委内瑞拉储备，表面上是为了在纽约接受毒品指控的审判。
US Secretary of State Marco Rubio called the oil deal "a huge win for both the American and Venezuelan people". Few details were released.
美国国务卿卢比奥称该石油协议“对美国和委内瑞拉人民来说都是巨大的胜利”。 公布的细节很少。
"For the Venezuelan people, this deal will bring nearly $100bn (£74bn) in private investment, support thousands of high-paying jobs and drive the reconstruction of Venezuela's economy," he said.
他说：“对于委内瑞拉人民来说，这项协议将带来近1000亿美元（740亿英镑）的私人投资，支持数千个高薪就业岗位，并推动委内瑞拉经济的重建。”
Trump said Rubio and Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth had reached the agreement with Venezuela's leadership "through a partnership with private business".
特朗普表示，卢比奥和国防部长皮特·赫格斯“通过与私营企业的合作”与委内瑞拉领导层达成了协议。
He did not elaborate on the partnership or describe possible commitments and terms for the US in the deal, but he claimed the agreement was reached "at no cost to the American Taxpayer".
他没有详细说明这一合作伙伴关系，也没有描述美国在协议中可能做出的承诺和条款，但他声称该协议是“美国纳税人没有付出任何代价”达成的。
Under the deal the US government will retain 55% control of a joint venture with an "experienced private operator in Venezuela", a US official told the BBC's US partner CBS News.
一位美国官员告诉 BBC 美国合作伙伴哥伦比亚广播公司新闻 (CBS News)，根据协议，美国政府将保留与“委内瑞拉经验丰富的私营运营商”合资企业 55% 的控制权。
The Wall Street Journal reported on Friday that US energy firms Chevron and Halliburton were nearing deals to invest billions in overhauling the infrastructure in Venezuela's oil fields, many of which have not been developed.
《华尔街日报》周五报道称，美国能源公司雪佛龙和哈里伯顿即将达成协议，投资数十亿美元检修委内瑞拉油田的基础设施，其中许多油田尚未开发。
David Goldwyn, president of energy consultancy Goldwyn Global Strategies, said there was "no precedent" for the US government entering into a lease to operate Venezuelan oil fields.
能源咨询公司Goldwyn Global Strategies总裁大卫·戈德温(David Goldwyn)表示，美国政府签订租赁经营委内瑞拉油田的“先例”。
It's not clear if such a move would violate Venezuela's constitution or its hydrocarbons law, he told the Reuters news agency.
他告诉路透社，目前尚不清楚此举是否违反委内瑞拉宪法或其碳氢化合物法。
"It is hard to see how this kind of arrangement would accelerate investment at any material scale," he added, citing Venezuela's political uncertainty, weak power grid, and limited export capacity.
他补充说：“很难看出这种安排将如何加速任何实质性规模的投资。”他指出，委内瑞拉的政治不确定性、电网薄弱以及出口能力有限。
From boom to bust: A rare look inside one of Venezuela’s once prosperous oil towns Venezuela's interim president said in a statement that the agreement would have "a significant impact on our nation's revival".
从繁荣到萧条：难得一睹委内瑞拉曾经繁荣的石油城镇之一 委内瑞拉临时总统在一份声明中表示，该协议将“对我们国家的复兴产生重大影响”。
The deal calls for the development of 17 strategic oil fields with a proven potential of 65 billion barrels, as well as "an investment of more than $100bn and more than $209bn in taxes" for Venezuela, Rodríguez said.
罗德里格斯表示，该协议要求开发17个战略油田，已探明潜力为650亿桶，并为委内瑞拉“投资超过1000亿美元，税收超过2090亿美元”。
"These investments will contribute not only to the recovery and modernisation of our industry, but also to our country's economic growth, the energy security of our hemisphere and greater balance in international markets," she said.
她说：“这些投资不仅将有助于我们工业的复苏和现代化，还将有助于我们国家的经济增长、西半球的能源安全以及国际市场的更大平衡。”
Oil, gas and mineral lawyer Alexander Kuiper told the BBC the deal could be "very significant" but expressed some caution.
石油、天然气和矿产律师亚历山大·库伊珀 (Alexander Kuiper) 告诉 BBC，这笔交易可能“非常重要”，但也表示了一些谨慎。
"This is definitely a headline to help with oil prices," he said, but added: "What we don't know, is whether or not those reserves turn into actual investment, and how long that investment takes to produce results."
“这绝对是有助于油价上涨的头条新闻，”他说，但补充道：“我们不知道的是，这些储备是否会转化为实际投资，以及投资需要多长时间才能产生成果。”
Asked how it would affect oil prices in practice, Kuiper said: "There isn't a switch that you can flip - contracts and agreements have to be put in place... this could take a long time, but it's an important first step."
当被问及这将如何影响实践中的油价时，柯伊珀表示：“没有一个可以翻转的开关——合同和协议必须落实到位……这可能需要很长时间，但这是重要的第一步。”
Delcy Rodríguez - Maduro's former vice-president, who the US backed following his capture - gave the venture a 100-year concession to operate in the oil fields, the unnamed US official told CBS.
这位不愿透露姓名的美国官员告诉哥伦比亚广播公司(CBS)，马杜罗的前副总统德尔西·罗德里格斯(Delcy Rodríguez)给予该企业100年的油田经营特许权，马杜罗被捕后得到了美国的支持。
Trump gave few specifics of the highly unusual agreement, which apparently grants the US direct governance over a foreign country's sovereign national resources.
特朗普没有透露这项极不寻常的协议的具体细节，该协议显然授予美国对外国主权国家资源的直接治理权。
The deal would also appear to be wider in scope than the US-led Coalition Provisional Authority's control over Iraq's oil revenues after Saddam Hussein was ousted in an American-led invasion in 2003.
2003年萨达姆·侯赛因在美国领导的入侵中被赶下台后，该协议的范围似乎也比美国领导的联军临时权力机构对伊拉克石油收入的控制范围更广。
But it is unclear whether the Venezuela agreement could face legal and constitutional challenges in the South American nation.
但目前尚不清楚委内瑞拉协议是否会在这个南美国家面临法律和宪法挑战。
The official text of the agreement between Washington and Caracas has not been published. Venezuela has the largest proven oil reserves in the world - an estimated 303 billion barrels.
华盛顿和加拉加斯之间协议的正式文本尚未公布。 委内瑞拉拥有世界上已探明石油储量最多的国家——估计为 3030 亿桶。
However, production has plummeted since its peak in the late 1990s, in part due to a tightening of controls over its state-run oil firm and US sanctions targeting its main economic lifeline.
然而，自 20 世纪 90 年代末的峰值以来，产量已大幅下降，部分原因是对其国有石油公司的控制收紧以及美国针对其主要经济命脉的制裁。
Hours after US special forces captured Maduro and his wife, Cilia Flores, in a raid on the Venezuelan capital, Trump said the US would indefinitely control the sale of the country's oil.
美国特种部队在对委内瑞拉首都的突袭中抓获马杜罗和他的妻子西莉亚·弗洛雷斯数小时后，特朗普表示，美国将无限期控制该国的石油销售。
He has also claimed the rights to Venezuela's oil after saying that the country had in the past "unilaterally seized and sold American oil, American assets and American platforms, costing us billions and billions of dollars".
他还声称拥有委内瑞拉石油的权利，称该国过去“单方面扣押和出售美国石油、美国资产和美国平台，使美国损失数十亿美元”。
His framing of the deal as part of efforts to drive down domestic petrol prices comes as the global price of oil has jumped up significantly as supply via the Strait of Hormuz in the Persian Gulf has effectively been stymied - spurring discontent ahead of the US midterm elections in November.
他将这笔交易作为压低国内汽油价格努力的一部分，正值全球石油价格大幅上涨，因为波斯湾霍尔木兹海峡的供应实际上受到阻碍，这在 11 月美国中期选举之前引发了不满。
However, Venezuela's oil reserves are made up of so-called "heavy, sour" oil, which is harder to refine and used for making diesel and asphalt, while the US typically produces "light, sweet" oil useful for making petrol.
然而，委内瑞拉的石油储备由所谓的“重质、酸性”石油组成，这种石油更难提炼并用于制造柴油和沥青，而美国通常生产可用于制造汽油的“轻质、低硫”石油。
Trump has asked US oil firms to invest at least $100bn (£75bn) to restore the country's oil industry.
特朗普已要求美国石油公司投资至少 1000 亿美元（750 亿英镑）来恢复该国的石油工业。
BBC visits oil region at heart of Trump plan to 'Make Venezuela Great Again'
BBC 访问特朗普“让委内瑞拉再次伟大”计划的核心石油地区
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