‘Kitchen-Table’ Is a Type of Politics
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And now, Words and Their Stories, from VOA Learning English.
现在，来自美国之音学习英语的单词和它们的故事。
On this program we explore words and expressions in the English language. We give examples and notes on usage.
在这个节目中，我们探索英语中的单词和表达方式。 我们给出了使用示例和注释。
Today we talk about different kinds of politics.
今天我们谈论不同类型的政治。
We start with kitchen-table politics. The kitchen is often considered the hub, or center, of the home. It is where we gather to not only share a meal but to talk about the events of the day. We often discuss issues of importance with our family and friends around the dining room table.
我们从餐桌政治开始。 厨房通常被认为是家庭的枢纽或中心。 我们在这里不仅可以聚餐，还可以谈论当天发生的事情。 我们经常在餐桌上与家人和朋友讨论重要问题。
So, kitchen-table issues are those that affect individuals and their families daily. A family might discuss these issues at the kitchen table during mealtimes.
因此，厨房餐桌问题是那些每天影响个人及其家庭的问题。 一家人可能会在用餐时间在厨房的餐桌上讨论这些问题。
Rising gas and food prices are two good examples of kitchen-table politics. These issues affect decisions we make day to day. They are sometimes also called dinner-table politics. Or we could describe them as bread-and-butter issues.
天然气和食品价格上涨是餐桌政治的两个很好的例子。 这些问题影响我们日常做出的决定。 它们有时也被称为餐桌政治。 或者我们可以将它们描述为基本问题。
Merriam Webster dictionary defines bread-and-butter issues as “being as basic as the earning of one's livelihood.” The online Cambridge Dictionary defines a bread-and-butter issue as “a subject or problem that relates directly to most people's needs and interests.” For example, affordable food prices and availability of good healthcare are the kinds of bread-and-butter political issues that people vote on.
《韦氏词典》将生计问题定义为“与谋生一样基本”。在线剑桥词典将面包和黄油问题定义为“与大多数人的需求和兴趣直接相关的主题或问题”。 例如，负担得起的食品价格和良好的医疗保健是人们投票的重要政治问题。
The noun bread and butter means a way of making a living.
名词面包和黄油意味着一种谋生方式。
For example, for a creative writer, her ideas are her bread and butter. So, bread-and-butter political issues deal with our ability to provide for the needs of ourselves and our families.
例如，对于一位创意作家来说，她的想法就是她的面包和黄油。 因此，基本的政治问题涉及我们满足自己和家庭需求的能力。
Next, let’s talk about green politics.
接下来，我们来谈谈绿色政治。
These political issues deal with caring for the natural environment. Green politics can cover ideas such as environmental sustainability, recycling, and threats to wildlife. The natural world is central to green politics. Identity politics is more personal.
这些政治问题涉及保护自然环境。 绿色政治可以涵盖环境可持续性、回收利用和对野生动物的威胁等想法。 自然世界是绿色政治的核心。 身份政治更加个人化。
This term means that a person’s political views are formed by their experiences and understanding of themselves. Things like gender, age, social and economic position, and religious belief can inform identity politics. Finally, we come to gotcha politics.
这个词的意思是一个人的政治观点是由他们的经历和对自己的理解形成的。 性别、年龄、社会和经济地位以及宗教信仰等因素可以影响身份政治。 最后，我们来谈谈政治问题。
This type of politics is centered on damaging opponents through public accusations of wrongdoing or misbehavior. Gotcha politics often involves investigation into the private lives, past and present, of politicians in search of negative information. In gotcha politics, “Gotcha” is short for “I got you,” meaning, “I caught you!” And that's the end of this Words and Their Stories.
这种政治主要通过公开指责不当行为或不当行为来损害对手。 政治陷阱通常涉及对政客过去和现在的私生活进行调查，以寻找负面信息。 在陷阱政治中，“Gotcha”是“I got you”的缩写，意思是“我抓住了你！” 这就是《言语及其故事》的结尾。
Until next time, I’m Anna Matteo.
下次再见，我是安娜·马特奥。
Anna Matteo wrote this story for VOA Learning English. ______________________________________________________ dine -v.
安娜·马特奥 (Anna Matteo) 为美国之音英语学习频道撰写了这个故事。 ______________________________________________________ 吃饭-v.
to eat dinner dinner -n.
吃晚饭 晚餐-n.
the main meal of the day basic -adj.
一天的主餐 基本的-adj.
of, relating to, or forming the base or essence livelihood -n.
属于、关于或形成基础或本质 生计-n.
means of support affordable -adj.
支持手段 负担得起的-adj.
having a cost that is not too high sustainability -n.
成本不太高 可持续性-n.
of, relating to, or being a method of harvesting or using a resource so that the resource is not depleted or permanently damaged recycling -n.
属于、涉及或作为一种收获或使用资源的方法，以使资源不被耗尽或永久损坏 回收-n.
to process (something, such as liquid body waste, glass, or cans) in order to regain material for human use gender -n.
加工（某些东西，例如液体废物、玻璃或罐头）以重新获得供人类使用的材料 性别 -n.
the behavioral, cultural, or psychological traits typically associated with one sex negative -adj.
通常与一种性别相关的行为、文化或心理特征 消极的-adj.
not positive or helpful
不积极或没有帮助
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