Italy ministers agree to ban burqa and niqab in school and cap foreigners in class
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The Italian government has approved a ban on the burqa and niqab in schools, along with a limit on the share of pupils who speak little Italian in any one class.
意大利政府已批准禁止在学校穿罩袍和面纱，并限制在任何一个班级中几乎不会讲意大利语的学生比例。
A 30% cap will be imposed on children without Italian citizenship or poor knowledge of the Italian language in the first year of primary, middle and high school.
对于没有意大利公民身份或意大利语水平较差的小学、初中和高中一年级的儿童，上限为 30%。
Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni described the measures as "common-sense tools that do not divide but really help to integrate".
总理乔治亚·梅洛尼将这些措施描述为“常识性工具，不会分裂，而是真正有助于融合”。
Opposition parties accuse the government of pandering to the policies of the hard-right Futuro Nazionale party, ahead of a general election next year.
反对党指责政府在明年大选前迎合极右翼国家未来党的政策。
Education Minister Giuseppe Valditara has said the limit is "purely linguistic" rather than one of citizenship, while he has sought to frame the ban on the niqab and burqa as a matter of gender equality.
教育部长朱塞佩·瓦尔迪塔拉(Giuseppe Valditara)表示，这一限制“纯粹是语言上的”，而不是公民身份的限制，同时他试图将对面纱和罩袍的禁令视为性别平等问题。
"You must go to school with your face uncovered," Meloni said while announcing the plans on Sunday, adding that no-one could decide that a young woman should hide herself in the name of tradition.
梅洛尼在周日宣布这些计划时说：“你必须不戴口罩去学校。”他补充说，没有人可以决定年轻女性应该以传统的名义隐藏自己。
There were several drafts of the decree ahead of Thursday's council of ministers meeting, however the core details were clear.
在周四的部长理事会会议之前，该法令有几份草案，但核心细节很明确。
The veil ban would apply to the burqa and niqab, but not the hijab, which leaves the face visible.
面纱禁令适用于罩袍和面纱，但不适用于头巾，因为头巾会使脸部可见。
The niqab is a veil for the face that leaves the area around the eyes clear. However, it may be worn with a separate eye veil. It is worn with an accompanying headscarf.
面纱是脸上的面纱，使眼睛周围的区域保持清晰。 然而，它可以与单独的眼罩一起佩戴。 它与随附的头巾一起佩戴。
The burka is a one-piece veil that covers the face and body. Often there is a mesh screen around the eyes to see through.
罩袍是一种覆盖脸部和身体的一体式面纱。 眼睛周围通常有一个网状屏幕可以透过。
Non-Italian citizens make up 11.6% of pupils in Italy's schools, according to the research institution Fondazione ISMU.
根据研究机构 ISMU 基金会的数据，意大利学校学生中非意大利公民占 11.6%。
The 30% limit on pupils who speak limited Italian will cover separate stages of education differently.
对意大利语水平有限的学生的 30% 限制将涵盖不同的教育阶段。
In primary schools, it would cover non-Italian citizens who have either not been born in Italy or who have not attended at least two years of nursery school.
在小学，它将涵盖未在意大利出生或未上过至少两年幼儿园的非意大利公民。
In lower- and upper- secondary schools, it would cover pupils without Italian citizenship who have not successfully completed at least three years in the Italian school system.
在初中和高中，它将涵盖没有意大利公民身份、在意大利学校系统中未成功完成至少三年学业的学生。
Local school offices would be asked to spread pupils with little Italian language skills more evenly among nearby schools. Where that is not possible, exemptions would apply, with extra Italian teaching.
当地学校办公室将被要求将意大利语能力较差的学生更均匀地分布在附近的学校中。 如果不可能，则可以申请豁免，并进行额外的意大利语教学。
The aim was to avoid "ghetto classes", the education minister explained.
教育部长解释说，目的是避免“贫民窟阶级”。
The draft also goes further on parents, according to the Ansa news agency. Schools would have to report to social services cases in which persistent language barriers among those with parental responsibility hinder a child's integration. Free Italian courses would be offered.
据安莎通讯社报道，该草案还进一步针对父母。 学校必须向社会服务机构报告那些有家长责任的人之间持续存在的语言障碍阻碍了孩子融入社会的案例。 将提供免费意大利语课程。
The measure is a decree law, meaning it can take effect immediately, but must be ratified by parliament within 60 days.
该措施是一项法令，这意味着它可以立即生效，但必须在 60 天内得到议会批准。
Italy already has guidance on Italian language at schools. A 2010 ministerial notice under then-Education Minister Mariastella Gelmini set a 30% limit "as a rule" on pupils without Italian citizenship. The new decree puts the limit into law.
意大利已经在学校提供意大利语指导。 2010 年，时任教育部长玛丽亚斯特拉·杰尔米尼 (Mariastella Gelmini) 发布的一份部长级通知“规定”对没有意大利公民身份的学生设置了 30% 的限制。 新法令将限制写入法律。
The political opposition says the plan is as much about politics as schools.
政治反对派表示，该计划既涉及政治，也涉及学校。
Opponents accuse Meloni of pandering to Roberto Vannacci, a retired military general who leads the hard-right Futuro Nazionale party and is seen as a threat to the governing coalition's right flank.
反对者指责梅洛尼迎合退休将军罗伯托·万纳奇(Roberto Vannacci)，后者领导极右翼的未来国家党，被视为对执政联盟右翼的威胁。
The leader of the centre-left Democratic Party (PD), Elly Schlein, called the plan propaganda and impossible to implement. PD deputy and chamber vice-president Anna Ascani also accused the government of propaganda at the expense of schoolchildren.
中左翼民主党（PD）领导人埃利·施莱因（Elly Schlein）称该计划只是宣传，不可能实施。 民主党副议员兼商会副主席安娜·阿斯卡尼也指责政府以牺牲学童为代价进行宣传。
Valditara, speaking by video link from New York at a press conference rejected the charge.
瓦尔迪塔拉在纽约举行的新闻发布会上通过视频连线发表讲话，否认了这一指控。
"We are not chasing Vannacci; if anything, he is chasing us," he said.
“我们不是在追万纳奇；如果有的话，他是在追我们，”他说。
Vannacci said he agreed with the measures, but they should have come years ago.
万纳奇表示，他同意这些措施，但这些措施早在几年前就应该出台。
The League's Matteo Salvini, who launched a separate package of measures on what he called "political Islam" on Wednesday, accused Vannacci of "continually voting against the government".
该联盟的马泰奥·萨尔维尼周三针对他所谓的“政治伊斯兰”推出了一套单独的措施，指责万纳奇“不断投票反对政府”。
Salvini said he hoped Futuro Nazionale would back the League's new proposals.
萨尔维尼表示，他希望未来国家联盟能够支持联盟的新提案。
Italy's Meloni suffers surprise setback in close vote on electoral reform Referendum defeat leaves Italy's Meloni looking more vulnerable
意大利的梅洛尼在选举改革的激烈投票中遭遇意外挫折 公投失败让意大利的梅洛尼看起来更加脆弱
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