China Eases Pressure on Private Teaching Companies
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China is quietly easing regulations on private education companies as the government aims to support a slowing economy.
随着政府旨在支持经济放缓，中国正在悄然放宽对私立教育公司的监管。
Government officials have not announced a policy change. But news reports say policymakers are now permitting the tutoring industry to grow. Industry experts say the new efforts aim to support job creation.
政府官员尚未宣布政策变化。 但新闻报道称，政策制定者现在允许辅导行业发展。 行业专家表示，新举措旨在支持创造就业机会。
Reuters News Agency recently spoke with people in the industry, parents in China and others. Here is what Reuters reported: Starting in 2021, the government prohibited for-profit tutoring in main school subjects such as math and English.
路透社最近采访了业内人士、中国家长等。 以下是路透社的报道： 从2021年开始，政府禁止数学和英语等主要学校科目的营利性辅导。
The reported aim was to reduce financial pressure on families. It was also meant to create equal educational chances for both rich and poor families and to eliminate poor quality tutoring services. The policy was known as the “double reduction.” The crackdown cost the industry billions of dollars.
报道的目的是减轻家庭的经济压力。 它还旨在为富裕家庭和贫困家庭创造平等的教育机会，并消除质量低劣的辅导服务。 该政策被称为“双重削减”。 这次打击行动使该行业损失了数十亿美元。
It affected companies like New Oriental Education & Technology Group and TAL Education Group.
新东方教育科技集团、好未来教育集团等企业受到影响。
It also led to tens of thousands of job losses. Before the policy change, China's for-profit tutoring industry was valued at about $100 billion. The three biggest companies employed over 170,000 people.
它还导致数万人失业。 政策调整前，中国营利性辅导行业估值约为1000亿美元。 三大公司雇用了超过 170,000 名员工。
During the crackdown, the industry did not disappear as parents continued to seek tutoring services for their children. Many Chinese parents consider after-school tutoring services as a way for their children to gain an advantage in China’s competitive education system.
镇压期间，这个行业并没有消失，因为家长们仍在继续为孩子寻求辅导服务。 许多中国家长认为课外辅导服务是让孩子在中国竞争激烈的教育体系中获得优势的一种方式。
Michelle Lee is a parent based in southern China. Lee spends about $420 a month on after-school classes for her son and daughter.
Michelle Lee 是一位居住在中国南方的家长。 Lee 每月为儿子和女儿花费约 420 美元用于课外补习班。
These classes include mathematics tutoring and online lessons in English. She told Reuters that in recent months tutoring schools had been operating more openly. After the government crackdown in 2021, the number of tutoring centers and the number of teachers employed by them fell. The industry is now coming back as policies ease.
这些课程包括数学辅导和英语在线课程。 她告诉路透社，近几个月来，补习学校的运营更加公开。 2021年政府严厉打击后，补习中心数量及其聘用教师数量均有所下降。 随着政策的放松，该行业正在复苏。
The research company Plenum China said that active licenses for for-profit tutoring centers rose 11.4 percent between January and June. Liu Xiya is a delegate to China's legislature and president of an education group based in the southwestern city of Chongqing.
研究公司全会中国表示，1 月至 6 月期间，营利性辅导中心的有效许可证增长了 11.4%。 刘西亚是中国人大代表，也是西南城市重庆一家教育集团的总裁。
Liu told local media at a press conference in March that the government was dealing with problems in education policy.
刘在三月份的新闻发布会上告诉当地媒体，政府正在处理教育政策方面的问题。
Lynn Song is an economist at ING. He said China was unlikely to admit that the crackdown "was a little too forceful" but that regulations would be loosened.
Lynn Song 是 ING 的经济学家。 他表示，中国不太可能承认打击力度“有点过于严厉”，但监管将会放松。
He said, "The overall policy environment has changed from restrictive to supportive as the main goal now is stabilization.” A changing environment Two business leaders who deal with government regulations at large tutoring companies recently spoke with Reuters. They said government moves to ease the crackdown had sped up in recent months. They noted a decision in August by the State Council, China's cabinet, to include education services in a 20-point plan to increase spending.
他表示，“总体政策环境已经从限制性转向支持性，现在的主要目标是稳定。” 不断变化的环境 两位在大型辅导公司处理政府法规的商界领袖最近接受了路透社的采访。 他们表示，近几个月来，政府放松镇压的步伐加快了。 他们注意到中国国务院8月份决定将教育服务纳入20点增加支出计划中。
This policy goal comes as more than 11 million university graduates entered China's employment market.
这一政策目标是在超过1100万大学毕业生进入中国就业市场之际实现的。
It also appeared to increase the stock value of publicly traded education companies. The decision in August followed guidelines from China's education ministry in February.
它还似乎增加了上市教育公司的股票价值。 八月份的决定遵循了中国教育部二月份的指导方针。
These guidelines explained what kinds of after-school tutoring would now be permitted. Last year, the ministry published online a list of companies approved to provide tutoring in subjects that were not considered basic, or core subjects. To get around the rules, tutoring centers would often rename classes.
这些指南解释了现在允许进行哪些类型的课外辅导。 去年，教育部在网上公布了一份获准提供非基础或核心科目辅导的公司名单。 为了规避这些规定，辅导中心经常会重新命名班级。
For example, math classes were commonly called “logical thinking” classes. A woman who ran an English tutoring school in the eastern province of Zhejiang said she laid off 60 percent of her workers following the crackdown. Lisa did not want to give her full name to Reuters.
例如，数学课通常被称为“逻辑思维”课。 一位在东部省份浙江经营一所英语补习学校的女士表示，镇压后她解雇了 60% 的员工。 丽莎不愿向路透社透露她的全名。
But she said the school continued to teach science-related courses in English, without calling them English classes. Also, one-on-one tutoring did very well during the crackdown.
但她表示，学校继续用英语教授科学相关课程，但不称其为英语课。 此外，一对一辅导在镇压期间也取得了很好的效果。
Parents who could afford it paid for tutors to come to their homes. Some parents said this increases an academic gap, where students from rich families do better in school than poor families. That worries parents like Yang Zengdong, a Shanghai-based mother of two.
有能力负担费用的家长花钱请家教上门。 一些家长表示，这扩大了学业差距，富裕家庭的学生在学校的表现比贫困家庭的要好。 这让像上海两个孩子的母亲杨增东这样的父母感到担忧。
She said the policy presented families with the hard choice: either pay up to $112 per class for a private tutor or spend hours each day teaching the children themselves. She said that if this continues, "…the academic gap between rich people and everyone else will get worse.” Yang said, "That wasn't what the policy was meant to do, but that's the reality, so of course it needs to change." I’m Anna Matteo. And I’m Mario Ritter Jr.
她说，这项政策让家庭面临着艰难的选择：要么为私人导师支付每节课高达 112 美元的费用，要么每天花几个小时自己教孩子。 她说，如果这种情况继续下去，“……富人与其他人之间的学术差距将会变得更大。” 杨说：“这不是政策的初衷，但现实就是这样，当然需要改变。” 我是安娜·马特奥。 我是小马里奥·里特。
Casey Hall, Laurie Chen reported from Beijing, with additional reporting by Ellen Zhang from Shanghai for Reuters News Agency. Anna Matteo adapted it for VOA Learning English. _____________________________________________ tutoring –n.
凯西·霍尔，劳里·陈从北京报道，路透社上海张艾伦补充报道。 安娜·马特奥 (Anna Matteo) 将其改编为美国之音英语学习频道。 _____________________________________________ 辅导 –n.
for a student to receive additional teacher from a qualified person in addition to their normal schooling usually to help them with a subject they are having difficulty with prohibited –adj.
让学生在正常的学校教育之外接受合格人员的额外老师，通常帮助他们解决有困难的科目 禁止 – adj.
something that is not permitted or is barred by law eliminate –v.
法律不允许或禁止的事情 消除-v.
to remove, take a way or end crackdown –n. a government campaign against something aiming to change behavior or stop an activity or movement advantage –n.
移除、采取某种方式或结束 镇压——n. 旨在改变行为或停止活动或运动的政府针对某事的运动 优势 –n.
something that helps a person or group in a situation where they are being judged competitively license –n. an official document giving a person or group permission to do business, operate equipment or do some activity that is overseen by a local or national government stabilization –n.
在个人或团体受到竞争性评判的情况下可以帮助他们的东西 许可证 –n. 允许个人或团体开展业务、操作设备或从事由地方或国家政府监督的某些活动的正式文件 稳定-n.
the process of limiting changes and bringing things to a normal state afford –v.
限制变化并使事情恢复正常状态的过程 负担得起-v。
to be able to pay for or endure something academic gap –n.
能够支付或忍受某事 学术差距
an imbalance that exists in something related to schooling We want to hear from you.
与学校教育相关的事物中存在的不平衡 我们希望收到您的来信。
In the Comments section, you can also practice using any of the expressions from the story.
在评论部分，您还可以练习使用故事中的任何表达方式。
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