Canada suspends plans to expand assisted dying to people with mental illness
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Minister of Justice Sean Fraser also announced plans to allow for advanced consent to the programme Canada says it will indefinitely suspend plans to expand its medically assisted dying law to people whose sole condition is mental illness, citing a lack of consensus on who would be eligible.
司法部长肖恩·弗雷泽 (Sean Fraser) 还宣布了允许该计划提前获得同意的计划 加拿大表示，将无限期暂停将医疗辅助死亡法扩大到仅患有精神疾病的人的计划，理由是对于谁有资格参加尚缺乏共识。
It comes after a parliamentary panel earlier this year recommended that medically assisted dying - known as Maid in Canada - should not be expanded.
此前，议会小组今年早些时候建议不应扩大医疗辅助死亡（在加拿大称为“Maid”）。
On Wednesday, Canada's justice minister, Sean Fraser, said that "while there is not a perfect consensus on this issue, we believe this is the correct approach at this particular time".
周三，加拿大司法部长肖恩·弗雷泽表示，“虽然在这个问题上尚未达成完美共识，但我们相信这是当前特定时刻的正确做法”。
Supporters of extending the programme to those with mental illness alone argue that not doing so violates their constitutional rights and access to medical care.
支持将该计划扩大到仅患有精神疾病的人的人认为，不这样做侵犯了他们的宪法权利和获得医疗服务的权利。
A federal case remains before the courts challenging the government's earlier decision to delay access to Maid for people with mental illness.
法院仍在审理一项联邦案件，质疑政府早些时候延迟为患有精神疾病的人提供女佣服务的决定。
Fraser acknowledged this is an issue that the Supreme Court could weigh on in the future.
弗雷泽承认这是最高法院未来可能会考虑的一个问题。
Wednesday's announcement means that Canadians with mental illness as their sole condition will not be able to access assisted dying by March 2027 as previously planned.
周三的公告意味着，以精神疾病为唯一病症的加拿大人将无法按照原计划在 2027 年 3 月之前获得安乐死。
The government will instead introduce a new law in the coming weeks that suspends that expansion indefinitely, Fraser said.
弗雷泽说，政府将在未来几周内出台一项新法律，无限期暂停扩张。
That proposed legislation will also to allow patients who have a progressing incurable illness to consent to assisted dying before their health deteriorates to the point where they are unable to do so.
拟议的立法还将允许患有进展性不治之症的患者在健康状况恶化到无法同意的程度之前同意辅助死亡。
However, it will leave the final decision up to individual provinces.
不过，最终决定权将由各省做出。
Advanced requests are not currently legal under federal law, but are allowed in Quebec for those with serious and incurable illnesses.
目前，根据联邦法律，提前请求并不合法，但在魁北克省，对于患有严重和无法治愈疾病的人来说，是允许的。
"These are not easy decisions but we believe they will be the correct ones," Fraser said.
“这些不是容易的决定，但我们相信它们将是正确的，”弗雷泽说。
Medically assisted dying became legal in Canada in 2016 for people with terminal illnesses, who still account for the vast majority of cases.
2016 年，加拿大对绝症患者实施医疗辅助死亡变得合法，而绝症患者仍然占绝大多数。
Following a court case in Quebec, it was expanded in 2021 to people with incurable conditions but whose death was not imminent.
在魁北克法院审理此案后，该计划于 2021 年扩大到患有不治之症但死亡尚未迫在眉睫的人。
Canada was first set to expand its assisted dying laws to people whose sole condition is mental illness in 2023, but it delayed doing so twice to allow for time to study its potential delivery.
加拿大原定于 2023 年首次将其辅助死亡法扩大到仅患有精神疾病的人，但它两次推迟这样做，以便有时间研究其可能的实施方式。
Advocates for expanding assisted dying to people with mental illness alone say they should have the same rights as patients with other types of illness.
支持将安乐死扩大到仅患有精神疾病的人表示，他们应该享有与其他类型疾病患者相同的权利。
In a statement, advocacy group Dying with Dignity called the government's decision "profoundly disappointing".
倡导组织“有尊严地死去”在一份声明中称政府的决定“非常令人失望”。
"We anticipate that a very small number of individuals with severe and persistent mental illness would be eligible for Maid under this criterion, but their suffering is no less real than those who live with physical illnesses," said Helen Long, the group's CEO.
该组织首席执行官海伦·朗 (Helen Long) 表示：“我们预计，根据这一标准，极少数患有严重和持续性精神疾病的人将有资格获得女佣，但他们的痛苦并不比那些患有身体疾病的人更真实。”
But concerns have been raised about whether mental illnesses are currently understood well enough by medicine to determine appropriate eligibility.
但人们担心，目前医学界是否对精神疾病有足够的了解，以确定适当的资格。
"When I hear that there is a lack of consensus in the medical community about the irremediable nature of certain mental illnesses, that gives me real cause for concern," Fraser said.
弗雷泽说：“当我听说医学界对某些精神疾病的不可治愈性缺乏共识时，我确实感到担忧。”
Canada should 'indefinitely exclude' people with mental illness from assisted dying, report says What is a 'safe death'?
报告称加拿大应“无限期地将”精神疾病患者排除在辅助死亡之外 什么是“安全死亡”？
Mentally ill woman asks for assisted dying in Canada 'I could live 30 years but plan to die': How assisted dying law is dividing Canadians Claire Brosseau, a woman with treatment resistant bipolar 1 disorder who is part of the federal case challenging Canada's current laws, told the BBC earlier this year that assisted dying would offer her "a safe death".
加拿大精神病妇女请求安乐死 “我可以活30年，但计划死去”：安乐死法如何分裂加拿大人 克莱尔·布罗索（Claire Brosseau）是一名患有难治性双相情感障碍的女性，她是挑战加拿大现行法律的联邦案件的一部分，她今年早些时候告诉 BBC，辅助死亡将为她提供“安全的死亡”。
Brosseau's lawyer, Michael Fenrick, told the BBC on Wednesday that he anticipates a lengthy legal battle on the issue. "People will continue to suffer intolerably while the case goes through the courts," he said.
布罗索的律师迈克尔·芬里克(Michael Fenrick)周三告诉英国广播公司(BBC)，他预计这一问题将引发一场漫长的法律斗争。 他说：“在案件审理期间，人们将继续遭受难以忍受的痛苦。”
More broadly, some experts have also raised concerns that Canada's assisted dying programme has become a tool to alleviate the suffering of people who would be better served by improved access to affordable housing and healthcare, and not an option of last resort.
更广泛地说，一些专家还担心加拿大的安乐死计划已成为减轻人们痛苦的工具，而这些人可以通过改善获得负担得起的住房和医疗保健的机会得到更好的服务，而不是最后的选择。
In a report earlier this year, a parliamentary committee noted competing opinions on the issue but recommended Canada "indefinitely exclude persons whose sole underlying medical condition is a mental illness" from assisted dying.
在今年早些时候的一份报告中，议会委员会指出了对此问题的不同意见，但建议加拿大“无限期地将唯一潜在健康状况是精神疾病的人”排除在辅助死亡之外。
It added that there is a "pressing need for increased and more equitable access to adequate mental health services".
它补充说，“迫切需要增加和更公平地获得充足的精神卫生服务”。
The conclusions were made after committee members heard from doctors, advocates and experts from countries that do allow assisted dying for people solely with mental illness, like the Netherlands and Belgium.
该结论是在委员会成员听取了荷兰和比利时等允许仅患有精神疾病的人接受辅助死亡的国家的医生、倡导者和专家的意见后得出的。
Not all committee members agreed with its recommendation, and some released a dissenting report arguing the process was "fundamentally flawed" and "biased".
并非所有委员会成员都同意其建议，一些委员会成员发布了一份反对报告，认为该过程“存在根本缺陷”和“有偏见”。
Polls suggest the majority of Canadians support access, external to medically assisted death but that support falls when it comes to patients with mental illness alone.
民意调查显示，大多数加拿大人支持在医疗协助死亡之外获得医疗协助死亡，但当仅涉及精神疾病患者时，这种支持就会下降。
Watch: One mentally ill man's fight for assisted dying in Canada If you have been affected by any of the issues raised in this story, information and support can be found at the BBC's Action Line.
观看：一名精神病患者在加拿大为安乐死而奋斗 如果您受到本文中提出的任何问题的影响，可以在 BBC 的行动热线找到信息和支持。
In Canada, support can be found at the Suicide Crisis Helpline by dialling 988
在加拿大，可拨打 988 拨打自杀危机热线寻求支持
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